{"product_id":"destiny-stripper-copy","title":"Destiny™ 2-Step Strip System","description":"Destiny™ 2-Step Strip System removes acrylic, urethane, and epoxy coatings with a premium non-caustic, biodegradable stripper designed for faster lift, cleaner removal, and fewer passes. Includes Destiny™ Stripper and ProClean Neutralizer™ for a complete strip-and-neutralize process before applying a new concrete finish.\n","brand":"Direct Colors","offers":[{"title":"1 Gallon","offer_id":53353453748589,"sku":"DC-KIT-CCB-STR-CCB-1GAL","price":129.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0964\/4988\/8621\/files\/DC-KIT-CCD-STR-CCB-1GAL.webp?v=1779206761","url":"https:\/\/directcolors.com\/products\/destiny-stripper-copy","provider":"Direct Colors","version":"1.0","type":"link"}